EXPERT OPINIONThe United Nations Security Council in Rwanda
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| Washington, DC, June 2, 2014 – Newly-declassified reporting from 1994 by key members of the United Nations Security Council provides a previously unavailable day-by-day narrative of the international response to the Rwandan genocide, including the fateful decision to withdraw UN peacekeepers from the country at the height of the killing. The National Security Archive at The George Washington University and the Center for the Prevention of Genocide at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum are publishing a selection of the revealing cables on their Web sites today and tomorrow. The posting is the eighth in a series by the "#Rwanda20yrs" project, a partnership between the Archive and the Center to mark the twentieth anniversary of the genocide in Rwanda. The diplomatic cables, which supplement previously released United States and United Nations telegrams, show that non-aligned states led by Nigeria attempted to strengthen the UN peacekeeping force, known as UNAMIR, but failed to provide the required resources. The United States and other permanent members of the Security Council were scarred by the murders of UN peacekeepers in both Rwanda and Somalia, and unwilling to take any action that might prove unpopular domestically. Declassification requests from the National Security Archive and the Center for the Prevention of Genocide in four countries have resulted in the release of nearly 300 formerly secret diplomatic cables that provide fresh insights into the closed Security Council sessions. The newly-released documents include reporting from the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and the Czech Republic, which were key players in the Security Council debates, in addition to previously withheld US diplomatic traffic. While the State Department has released thousands of documents about the Rwanda genocide, thousands more are still considered confidential by other US government agencies, notably the Department of Defense. The Clinton Library has yet to process a request for the release of more than 100 emails and internal White House memoranda that could shed light on the role played by Clinton aides, including the present national security adviser, Susan Rice, in the UNAMIR withdrawal decision. The request is supported by the Public Interest Declassification Board, an advisory committee established by Congress in 2000, to promote "the fullest possible public access" to significant U.S. national security decisions.  Ambassador Jean Damascene Bizimana (Rwanda) addresses members of the Security Council. Date: 08 June 1994. Courtesy of United Nations, New York, Photo #286758. Today's posting features a number of less well-known but influential characters in the West's developing response to the crisis. The New Zealand envoy, Colin Keating, served as President of the Security Council in April 1994, at the height of the genocide. The British ambassador, Sir David Hannay, was known as the "King of the Security Council" because of his mastery of UN procedures. Karel Kovanda of the Czech Republic was the first UN ambassador to use the term "genocide" to describe events in Rwanda. The United States representative on the Security Council was a much more familiar figure — Madeleine Albright, who went on to serve as Secretary of State in the second Clinton administration. The contemporaneous diplomatic cables offer valuable insights into the debates in the so-called "Informal Sessions" of the Security Council which took place behind closed doors, without official note-takers present. It was at these meetings that the international community shaped its response to the Rwanda genocide in the days and weeks after the assassination of Rwandan president Juvenal Habyarimana on April 6. Details that emerge from the newly-released cables include the following: - Threats by the Clinton administration to withdraw peacekeepers from Rwanda, even before April 6. The day before the shooting down of the presidential plane, Washington linked a three-month extension of UNAMIR [Document 2] to progress on implementing the Arusha peace agreements. According to Keating, the U.S. wanted to keep Rwanda on "a short leash" [Document 1] as a means of bringing pressure on the warring parties to meet their obligations under the peace accords.
 Report by Colin Keating, New Zealand representative to the UN, Document 1. - The decision by US policy-makers to push for withdrawal of UNAMIR. On April 11, four days after the start of the genocide, Keating reported "a growing feeling" on the part of US diplomats that UNAMIR "withdrawal may be necessary." [Document 4] On April 12, U.S. ambassador Madeleine Albright cabled Washington [Document 5] to propose "taking the lead in the Security Council to authorize the evacuation of the bulk of UNAMIR while leaving behind a skeletal staff." Albright reported a closing "window of opportunity" to withdraw the peacekeepers while Kigali airport "is still open and under French-Belgian control."
- Conflicting signals from the UN Secretary-General. On April 13, Boutros Boutros-Ghali informed his aides that "UNAMIR will have to be withdrawn" [Document 8] in light of a decision by the Belgian government to pull out its peacekeepers. The following day, he changed his position, and suggested that UNAMIR should stay on without the Belgians. On May 2, according to a cable from Keating, he "sprang a surprise" [Document 15] and proposed that the Council authorize "more forceful action to restore order in Rwanda."
- Opposition to the presence of foreign forces by the Tutsi-led Rwandan Patriotic Front. The RPF accepted the existing UN presence in Kigali, but was deeply suspicious of French and Belgian forces deployed in Rwanda to evacuate foreigners. The RPF threatened to treat such forces as "hostile" [Document 3] unless they withdrew from the country by April 14 at the latest. [Document 6]
- The voice of skepticism. Sir David Hannay of the United Kingdom argued on April 14 that the goal of protecting civilians in Rwanda was"simply not achievable" [Document 8] with the limited resources available to the UN. On April 25, the UK ambassador warned that there was " no point in promising what we could not deliver." [Document 12]
- Frustration of non-permanent members with the lack of action by the Security Council. As the scale of the killings became apparent on April 20, UNSC President Keating observed that continued silence on the part of the Council was "becoming increasingly difficult to explain." [Document 9] Keating's successor, Ibrahim Gambari of Nigeria, warned on May 5 that the Council risked becoming "a laughing stock" [Document 16] unless it took prompt action.
- Role played by NGOs. Security Council members relied on non-governmental organizations for some of the best reporting on Rwanda. An April 25 briefing by the French humanitarian group Medecins Sans Frontieres that "a clear policy of genocide" [Document 11] was being conducted by "Rwandan government forces" made a deep impression on Keating and other Council members. As a consequence of the MSF report, Kovanda informed Prague that a "clear genocide" [Document 10] was taking place in Rwanda. The Czech envoy ridiculed Rwandan government-RPF ceasefire negotiations under UN auspices as comparable to "persuading Hitler to reach a ceasefire with the Jews."
 Report by the Czech Republic's Karel Kovanda, Document 10. - Obstruction by the Rwandan government. The Security Council deliberations were complicated by the presence of a representative of the genocidal regime in Rwanda, Jean-Damascene Bizimana. According to Hannay, the Rwandan envoy persuaded other non-aligned ambassadors [Document 14] to block use of the word "genocide" to describe events in Rwanda on April 30. A handwritten annotation on the presidential statement drafted by Ambassador Keating records that "Rwanda/NAM wouldn't allow the term genocide." [Document 13]
- Opposition to French peacekeeping force. Many ambassadors were opposed to the French intervention known as "Operation Turquoise." According to Keating, Hannay privately described the French proposal as "crazy" [Document 17] while US diplomats termed it "disastrous." Nevertheless the Security Council voted 10-0 with five abstentions [Document 18] (New Zealand, Nigeria, Brazil, Pakistan, and China) on June 22 to support the operation.
The US Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs, Ambassador Prudence Bushnell, speaks on the internal US government
discussions on the decision to withdraw UNAMIR.
See the annotated table and index below for the full collection of released reports from the UN Security Council informal meetings from January 1994 to July 1994. * The sources of these documents include freedom of information requests to the US, UK, and New Zealand governments, the Czech Republic Foreign Ministry, as well as evidence from the International Criminal Tribunal in Rwanda (ICTR).
The DocumentsDocument 1
Date: April 4, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: Washington [New Zealand Embassy]
Subject: Security Council: New Zealand Presidency: Rwanda
Cable No: C02734 Document 2
Date: April 6, 1994
To: FCO [Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK]
From: UKMIS New York [UK Mission to the UN]
Subject: Rwanda
Cable No: 1216 Document 3
Date: April 8, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: New York [New Zealand Mission to the UN]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda
Cable No: C04272 Document 4
Date: April 11, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: Washington [New Zealand Embassy]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda: US Views
Cable No: C02755 Document 5
Date: April 12, 1994
To: SecState WashDC [Secretary of State, Washington, DC]
From: US Mission, USUN, New York
Subject: Future UNAMIR and French Roles in Rwanda
Cable No: USUN 01503 Document 6
Date: April 13, 1994
To: FCO [Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK]
From: UKMIS New York [UK Mission to the UN]
Subject: Rwanda
Cable No: 1306 Document 7
Date: April 13, 1994
To: [Kofi] Annan [Undersecretary General for Peacekeeping Operations]
From: [Chinmaya] Gharekhan [Security Council Representative of the UN Secretary-General]
Subject: [Belgian Foreign Minister Informs Secretary General of Belgian Pullout from UNAMIR]
Cable No: N/A Document 8
Date: April 15, 1994
To: FCO [Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK]
From: UKMIS New York [UK Mission to the UN]
Subject: Rwanda
Cable No: 1364 Document 9
Date: April 20, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: New York [New Zealand Mission to the UN]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda
Cable No: C04348 Document 10
Date: April 25, 1994
To: [Czech Foreign Ministry, Prague]
From: [Czech Republic Mission to the UN, New York]
Subject: N/A
Cable No: 2657 Document 11
Date: April 25, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: New York [New Zealand Mission to the UN]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda
Cable No: C04362 Document 12
Date: April 26, 1994
To: FCO [Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK]
From: UKMIS New York [UK Mission to the UN]
Subject: Rwanda
Cable No: 1481 Document 13
Date: April 30, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: New York [New Zealand Mission to the UN]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda
Cable No: N/A Document 14
Date: April 30, 1994
To: FCO [Foreign and Commonwealth Office, UK]
From: UKMIS New York [UK Mission to the UN]
Subject: Rwanda
Cable No: 1559 Document 15
Date: May 2, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: New York [New Zealand Mission to the UN]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda
Cable No: C04400 Document 16
Date: May 5, 1994
To: The Secretary-General [Boutros Boutros-Ghali], Geneva
From: [Chinmaya] Gharekhan [Security Council Representative of the UN Secretary-General], UNations New York
Subject: [Security Council Discussion on Rwanda]
Cable No: 1451 Document 17
Date: June 17, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: New York [New Zealand Mission to the UN]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda
Cable No: C04641 Document 18
Date: June 22, 1994
To: Wellington [New Zealand]
From: New York [New Zealand Mission to the UN]
Subject: Security Council: Rwanda
Cable No: C04656
U.N.S.C. Readouts Note: Some documents are listed twice if they reference more than one Security Council session. When subjects are absent or not descriptive, brief summaries are sometimes given in brackets in the “Subject” field. | Session Date | Source | Cable | Subject | Author | Document Date | | October 5, 1993 | United Nations | S/1994/360 | Second Progress Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | March 30, 1994 | | December 20, 1993 | United Nations | S/1994/715 | Second Progress Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | June 16, 1994 | | January 4, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1025 | [Peace process moving along] | New York U.N. Mission | January 4, 1994 | | January 5, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1038 | [Secretary general report on UNAMIR progress] | New York U.N. Mission | January 5, 1994 | | January 5, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1039 | [Progress in Rwanda and additional second unit to be deployed for UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | January 5, 1994 | | January 5, 1994 | United Nations | 34 | Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | January 5, 1994 | | January 6, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1065 | [Letter to secretary general and UNSCR 893 passed] | New York U.N. Mission | January 6, 1994 | | January 6, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Political Situation in Rwanda | Claude Dusaidi | January 6, 1994 | | January 6, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/893 | Resolution 893 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | January 6, 1994 | | January 7, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1092 | [RPF rep. Dusaidi meets with UNSC President] | New York U.N. Mission | January 9, 1994 | | January 24, 1994 | United States | 00312 | UN Concern Over Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | January 24, 1994 | | February 9, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1579 | [Overall situation in Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | February 9, 1994 | | February 10, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1598 | [Agreed to wait on presidential statement for political negotiations] | New York U.N. Mission | February 10, 1994 | | February 10, 1994 | United Nations | 437 | Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | February 10, 1994 | | February 15, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1662 | [France distributes their draft of presidential statement] | New York U.N. Mission | February 15, 1994 | | February 16, 1994 | United Nations | 478 | Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | February 16, 1994 | | February 17, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1700 | [Draft presidential still under discussion] | New York U.N. Mission | February 17, 1994 | | February 17, 1994 | United Nations | S/PRST/1994/8 | Statement by the President of the Security Council | Roble Ohaye | February 17, 1994 | | February 24, 1994 | Czech Republic | 1807 | [Violence in Rwanda and presidential statement adopted 2/17] | New York U.N. Mission | February 24, 1994 | | March 22, 1994 | United States | 01187 | Discussions on Rwanda Mandate and New SRSG to Zaire | Madeleine Albright | March 23, 1994 | | March 31, 1994 | New Zealand | 2357 | Security Council: Rwanda [Extension of UNAMIR mandate] | New York U.N. Mission | March 31, 1994 | | April 4, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2388 | [Expansion of UNAMIR mandate—initial discussions (main sticking point is length of extension)] | New York U.N. Mission | April 4, 1994 | | April 4, 1994 | New Zealand | C04247 | Security Council: Rwanda [Extension of UNAMIR mandate] | New York U.N. Mission | April 4, 1994 | | April 4, 1994 | New Zealand | C02734 | Security Council: New Zealand Presidency: Rwanda [Issues of progress in Rwanda and mandate of UNAMIR] | Washington Embassy | April 4, 1994 | | April 4, 1994 | United Nations | 950 | Extension of UNAMIR | Kofi Annan | April 4, 1994 | | April 4, 1994 | United States | 01373 | PERM-5 Discussions on Rwanda Mandate Extension | Edward Walker | April 4, 1994 | | April 5, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2400 | [UNAMIR extended for 4 months with a 6-week review] | New York U.N. Mission | April 5, 1994 | | April 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C02737 | Security Council: Rwanda [Mandate extension proposal for UNAMIR] | Washington Embassy | April 5, 1994 | | April 5, 1994 | New Zealand | 2380 | Security Council: Rwanda [Mandate adopted] | New York U.N. Mission | April 5, 1994 | | April 5, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1216 | Security Council adopts Resolution 989 | Stephen Gomersall | April 6, 1994 | | April 5, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/909 | Resolution 909 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | April 5, 1994 | | April 5, 1994 | United States | 01407 | UNSC Votes to Extend UNAMIR Mandate | Edward Walker | April 6, 1994 | | April 6, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2412 | [Assassination of presidents of Rwanda and Burundi] | New York U.N. Mission | April 6, 1994 | | April 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C04260 | Security Council: Rwanda [Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi killed] | New York U.N. Mission | April 6, 1994 | | April 6, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1232 | Assassinations of Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi | Stephen Gomersall | April 7, 1994 | | April 7, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2424 | [Situation in Rwanda is tragic—killings and anarchy] | New York U.N. Mission | April 7, 1994 | | April 7, 1994 | New Zealand | C01754 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation update] | Paris Embassy | April 7, 1994 | | April 7, 1994 | New Zealand | 2396 | Security Council: Rwanda [Violence after downing of plane, Belgians killed] | New York U.N. Mission | April 7, 1994 | | April 7, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1263 | Rwanda and Burundi | Stephen Gomersall | April 8, 1994 | | April 7, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1264 | Rwanda: Presidential Statement | Stephen Gomersall | April 8, 1994 | | April 7, 1994 | United Nations | S/PRST/1994/16 | Statement by the President of the Security Council | Colin Keating | April 7, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2437 | [Anarchy in Rwanda: first discussions of evacuation of foreign nationals] | New York U.N. Mission | April 8, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | New Zealand | C04273 | Security Council: Rwanda [French on the ground] | New York U.N. Mission | April 8, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | New Zealand | C04276 | Security Council: Rwanda [French on the ground] | New York U.N. Mission | April 8, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | New Zealand | 2406 | Security Council: Rwanda [Copy of Secretary General’s letter to the Council on Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | April 8, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | New Zealand | C04272 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | April 8, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1284 | Rwanda | Stephen Gomersall | April 9, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | United Nations | 1050 | Rwanda | Kofi Annan | April 8, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | United States | 01460 | UN’s Evacuation Plans for, and Statement to Security Council on, Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | April 8, 1994 | | April 8, 1994 | United States | 01476 | WGRWOL: UN SYG Letter to SC; RPF Threats; SC Informals; Provisional Govt Formed | Madeleine Albright | April 9, 1994 | | April 9, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2438 | [Relationship going forward between SC and Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | April 10, 1994 | | April 9, 1994 | New Zealand | C04282 | Security Council: Rwanda [Evacuation of foreign nationals and status of UNAMIR given the current security situation] (see pages 1–3) | New York U.N. Mission | April 11, 1994 | | April 9, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1285 | Rwanda | Stephen Gomersall | April 9, 1994 | | April 9, 1994 | United Nations | 1059 | Rwanda | Kofi Annan | April 9, 1994 | | April 9, 1994 | United Nations | 1060 | Franco-Belgian Evacuation Operation/Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | April 9, 1994 | | April 9, 1994 | United States | 01484 | WGRWOL: UNSC Discusses Rwanda; No Action Taken | Madeleine Albright | April 9, 1994 | | April 11, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2469 | [SC commented on latest developments, UN Secretariat considering options] | New York U.N. Mission | April 11, 1994 | | April 11, 1994 | New Zealand | C02755 | Security Council: Rwanda: US Views | Washington Embassy | April 11, 1994 | | April 11, 1994 | New Zealand | C04282 | Security Council: Rwanda [Evacuation of foreign nationals and status of UNAMIR given the current security situation] (see pages 4–5) | New York U.N. Mission | April 11, 1994 | | April 11, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1295 | Rwanda | Stephen Gomersall | April 12, 1994 | | April 11, 1994 | United States | 01491 | WGRWOL: Update from UN 4/11 | Madeleine Albright | April 11, 1994 | | April 12, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2482 | [Future of UNAMIR: four options from UK, Belgium doing behind-the-scenes diplomacy to try to get Czech Republic to agree to withdrawal option] | New York U.N. Mission | April 12, 1994 | | April 12, 1994 | New Zealand | C04292 | Rwanda [Situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | April 12, 1994 | | April 12, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Press Release [RPF has entered Kigali] | Claude Dusaidi | April 12, 1994 | | April 12, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1306 | Rwanda [Further report on situation] | Stephen Gomersall | April 13, 1994 | | April 12, 1994 | United Nations | 1095 | Rwanda | Kofi Annan | April 12, 1994 | | April 12, 1994 | United States | 01503 | TFRWOL: Future of UNAMIR and French Roles in Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | April 12, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2498 | [Nigerian ambassador submits draft UNSCR on behalf of NAM, all agree that extreme solutions to UNAMIR’s future are out of the question (i.e. no complete pullout)] | New York U.N. Mission | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | New Zealand | 2430 | Security Council: Rwanda [Draft resolution and letter from secretary general to UNSC President] | New York U.N. Mission | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | New Zealand | C04305 | Security Council: Rwanda Troop Contributors Meeting | New York U.N. Mission | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | New Zealand | C04308 | Security Council: Rwanda [Update on progress in New York and in Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | New Zealand | C21870 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance] | Foreign Ministry | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | [Crime of genocide has been committed] | Claude Dusaidi | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1340 | [Belgian withdrawal, Secretariat brief, Council discussion] | David Hannay | April 14, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1341 | Letter from the secretary general to the Security Council president | David Hannay | April 14, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1342 | Text of NAM Draft | David Hannay | April 14, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | United Nations | | [Secretary General’s Assessment of UNAMIR] | Chinmaya Garekhan | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | United Nations | 1117 | Rwanda | Kofi Annan | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | United States | 01543 | TFRWOL: Troop Contributors Discuss UNAMIR’s Future | Madeleine Albright | April 13, 1994 | | April 13, 1994 | United States | 01553 | TFRWOL: Still No Security Council Action, 4/13 | Madeleine Albright | April 14, 1994 | | April 14, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2510 | [SC Working Group dealt with NAM draft resolution] | New York U.N. Mission | April 14, 1994 | | April 14, 1994 | New Zealand | C04314 | Security Council: Rwanda [Proposals for future of UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | April 14, 1994 | | April 14, 1994 | New Zealand | C22009 | Security Council: Rwanda [Policy considerations] | Foreign Ministry | April 15, 1994 | | April 14, 1994 | New Zealand | 2438 | Security Council: Rwanda [Copy of draft resolution on the Situation in Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | April 14, 1994 | | April 14, 1994 | New Zealand | U47317 | Security Council: Rwanda | Foreign Ministry | April 15, 1994 | | April 14, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1364 | Rwanda [Secretariat presents two options for future of UNAMIR] | David Hannay | April 15, 1994 | | April 14, 1994 | United Nations | 1140 | Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | April 14, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2546 | [Alternatives of UNAMIR’s operation] | New York U.N. Mission | April 16, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | New Zealand | C01639 | Security Council: Rwanda [Belgian assessment of situation] | Brussels Embassy | April 15, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | New Zealand | C01758 | Security Council: Rwanda [Canada’s View] | Ottawa Embassy | April 15, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | New Zealand | 2450 | Security Council: Rwanda [Paper from informal consultations] | New York U.N. Mission | April 15, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | New Zealand | C04323 | Security Council: Rwanda [Many differing views on future of UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | April 15, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1374 | Rwanda [Continuation of UNAMIR discussion] | David Hannay | April 16, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1375 | Text of Council President’s Speaking Note | David Hannay | April 16, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | United Nations | 1156 | Security Council consultations | Kofi Annan | April 15, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | United States | 01531 | TFRWOL: UN Recommendations to be Acted Upon 4/15 | Madeleine Albright | April 15, 1994 | | April 15, 1994 | United States | 01607 | TFRWOL: Security Council at Impasse on UNAMIR’s Future | Madeleine Albright | April 16, 1994 | | April 18, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2585 | [Situation in country “continues to be complex”] | New York U.N. Mission | April 18, 1994 | | April 18, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1389 | Rwanda [Meeting with Bangladeshi PR and Secretariat brief on developments] | David Hannay | April 19, 1994 | | April 18, 1994 | United Nations | 1195 | Security Council consultations (page 1) | Kofi Annan | April 19, 1994 | | April 18, 1994 | United States | 01628 | UNSC Gets Update on Rwanda 4/18 | Madeleine Albright | April 19, 1994 | | April 19, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2595 | [“Chances of Renewing Peace are Vanishingly Small.”] | New York U.N. Mission | April 19, 1994 | | April 19, 1994 | New Zealand | C04341 | Security Council: Troop Contributing Meeting: Rwanda | New York U.N. Mission | April 19, 1994 | | April 19, 1994 | New Zealand | C04340 | Security Council: Rwanda [Decision on UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | April 19, 1994 | | April 19, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1410 | Rwanda [situation on ground and SC decision to be taken] | David Hannay | April 20, 1994 | | April 19, 1994 | United Nations | 1195 | Security Council Consultations (pages 2–3) | Kofi Annan | April 19, 1994 | | Czech Republic | 2603 | [Human Rights Watch report] | New York U.N. Mission | April 20, 1994 | | April 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C04348 | Security Council: Rwanda [No decision yet] | New York U.N. Mission | April 20, 1994 | | April 20, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1434 | Rwanda [Secretary general’s recommendations on UNAMIR future fail to materialize] | David Hannay | April 20, 1994 | | United Nations | S/1994/470 | Special Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | April 20, 1994 | | April 20, 1994 | United States | 01682 | Rwanda Discussed in Security Council, April 20 | Madeleine Albright | April 21, 1994 | | April 20, 1994 | United States | 01684 | SYG Reluctant to Withdraw from Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | April 21, 1994 | | April 21, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2613 | [NAM still insists on strengthening UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | April 21, 1994 | | April 21, 1994 | New Zealand | | Security Council: Rwanda [Secretary general report and Res. 912 (1994)] | New York U.N. Mission | April 21, 1994 | | April 21, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1445 | Rwanda [SC adopts Resolution 912] | David Hannay | April 22, 1994 | | April 21, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1446 | Text of Security Council Resolution 912 | David Hannay | April 22, 1994 | | April 21, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/912 | Resolution 912 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | April 21, 1994 | | April 21, 1994 | United States | 01748 | UNSC Votes to Reduce Size of UN PKO in Rwanda on April 21; Update in SC April 25 | Madeleine Albright | April 26, 1994 | | April 22, 1994 | New Zealand | C04356 | Security Council: Troop Contributors: Rwanda | New York U.N. Mission | April 22, 1994 | | April 23, 1994 | United States | 01724 | Draw-down of UNAMIR; Status of Civilians | Madeleine Albright | April 23, 1994 | | April 25, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2657 | [RPF control and massacre at hospital] | New York U.N. Mission | April 25, 1994 | | April 25, 1994 | New Zealand | C04362 | Security Council: Rwanda [Issue of genocide] | New York U.N. Mission | April 25, 1994 | | April 25, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1481 | Rwanda [Secretariat brief on developments] | David Hannay | April 26, 1994 | | April 25, 1994 | United Nations | 1272 | [Security Council Consultations] | Chinmaya Garekhan | April 25, 1994 | | April 25, 1994 | United Nations | 1276 | Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | April 25, 1994 | | April 26, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2674 | [RPF document mentions genocide] | New York U.N. Mission | April 26, 1994 | | April 26, 1994 | New Zealand | C04377 | Security Council: Rwanda [Regional support and options] | New York U.N. Mission | April 26, 1994 | | April 26, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Genocide in Rwanda | Claude Dusaidi | April 26, 1994 | | April 26, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1494 | Rwanda [Secretariat brief and UNSC president brief on meeting with regional partners] | David Hannay | April 27, 1994 | | April 26, 1994 | United Nations | 1315 | Meeting with Security Council President | Kofi Annan | April 27, 1994 | | April 26, 1994 | United States | 01776 | UNSC Activity on Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | April 27, 1994 | | April 27, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Press Release: France Recognizes Murderous and Criminal Regime in Rwanda | Claude Dusaidi | April 27, 1994 | | April 28, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2704 | [OAU views and discussion about genocide] | New York U.N. Mission | April 28, 1994 | | April 28, 1994 | New Zealand | 2521 | Security Council: Rwanda [Draft presidential statements] | New York U.N. Mission | April 28, 1994 | | April 28, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1538 | Rwanda [Secretariat brief and discussion by Council on next steps] | David Hannay | April 29, 1994 | | April 28, 1994 | United Nations | 1351 | Security Council consultations | Kofi Annan | April 28, 1994 | | April 29, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2721 | [Informal consultations led to a dramatic conclusion on genocide] | New York U.N. Mission | April 29, 1994 | | April 29, 1994 | New Zealand | C22615 | Security Council: Rwanda [Support of draft Presidential statement] | Foreign Ministry | April 29, 1994 | | April 29, 1994 | New Zealand | C04387 | Security Council: Rwanda [Action on Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | April 29, 1994 | | April 29, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1559 | Rwanda [Text of presidential statement adopted] | David Hannay | April 30, 1994 | | April 29, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1563 | Rwanda [Secretary general deeply concerned] | David Hannay | April 30, 1994 | | April 29, 1994 | United Kingdom | 1564 | Text of Presidential Statement | David Hannay | April 30, 1994 | | April 29, 1994 | United States | 01817 | Next Steps on Rwanda - April 29 | Madeleine Albright | April 30, 1994 | | April 30, 1994 | New Zealand | | Security Council: Rwanda [SC documents] | New York U.N. Mission | April 30, 1994 | | April 30, 1994 | New Zealand | C04395 | Security Council: Rwanda [Presidential statement, issues of responsibility and genocide, action to be taken next] | New York U.N. Mission | May 2, 1994 | | April 30, 1994 | New Zealand | 2534 | Security Council: Rwanda [SC documents] | New York U.N. Mission | May 2, 1994 | | April 30, 1994 | United Nations | S/PRST/1994/21 | Statement by the President of the Security Council | Colin Keating | April 30, 1994 | | April 30, 1994 | United States | 01820 | Security Council Adopts Presidential Statement on Rwanda, April 30 | Madeleine Albright | April 30, 1994 | | May 2, 1994 | New Zealand | C22766 | Security Council: Rwanda [Discussion on action to take in Rwanda] | Foreign Ministry | May 3, 1994 | | May 2, 1994 | New Zealand | C04400 | Security Council: Rwanda [Security Council decisions and UN intervention] | New York U.N. Mission | May 2, 1994 | | May 3, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2758 | [Considering how to re-engage] | New York U.N. Mission | May 3, 1994 | | May 3, 1994 | New Zealand | C04408 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | May 3, 1994 | | May 3, 1994 | New Zealand | 2551 | Security Council: Rwanda [Secretary general’s May 3 letter] | New York U.N. Mission | May 3, 1994 | | May 3, 1994 | United Nations | 1412 | [Security Council Consultations] | Kofi Annan | May 3, 1994 | | May 4, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2776 | [Update on Arusha talks and secretary general writes to African countries requesting troops] | New York U.N. Mission | May 4, 1994 | | May 4, 1994 | New Zealand | C04413 | Security Council: Rwanda [“Intervention force”] | New York U.N. Mission | May 4, 1994 | | May 4, 1994 | United Nations | 1430 | Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | May 4, 1994 | | May 5, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2801 | [SC discusses what’s next for UNAMIR and action in Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | May 5, 1994 | | May 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C04422 | Security Council: Rwanda [RPF views] | New York U.N. Mission | May 5, 1994 | | May 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C04417 | Security Council: Rwanda: Human Rights | New York U.N. Mission | May 5, 1994 | | May 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C04421 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | May 5, 1994 | | May 5, 1994 | United Nations | 1451 | [Security Council Consultations] | Chinmaya Garekhan | May 5, 1994 | | May 5, 1994 | United Nations | 1471 | Security Council consultations on future mandate | Kofi Annan | May 5, 1994 | | May 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C04428 | Security Council: Rwanda [Draft resolutions going around] | New York U.N. Mission | May 6, 1994 | | May 6, 1994 | New Zealand | 2581 | Security Council: Rwanda [Drafts of UNSC docs] | New York U.N. Mission | May 6, 1994 | | May 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C00598 | Rwanda: Human Rights | Geneva U.N. Mission | May 6, 1994 | | May 6, 1994 | New Zealand | 2591 | Security Council: Rwanda [Secretary general’s non-paper on expanded UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | May 6, 1994 | | May 6, 1994 | United Nations | S/1994/565 | Report of the Secretary-General on the Situation in Rwanda | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | May 13, 1994 | | May 6, 1994 | United States | 01926 | Rwanda: SC President will write to SYG | Madeleine Albright | May 6, 1994 | | May 6, 1994 | United States | 01959 | Security Council agrees on letter to SYG on Rwanda May 6 | Madeleine Albright | May 7, 1994 | | May 7, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2821 | [SC confused on situation and draft resolutions are circulated] | New York U.N. Mission | May 8, 1994 | | May 9, 1994 | New Zealand | C01463 | Security Council: Rwanda [German approach to involvement in Rwanda and situation on the ground] | Bonn Embassy | May 9, 1994 | | May 9, 1994 | New Zealand | C02854 | Security Council: Rwanda [U.S. views on the issue] | Washington Embassy | May 9, 1994 | | May 10, 1994 | New Zealand | C04443 | Security Council: Rwanda [Notes on proposed documents for Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | May 10, 1994 | | May 10, 1994 | New Zealand | C23162 | Security Council: Rwanda [Policy points] | Foreign Ministry | May 11, 1994 | | May 11, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2886 | [Secretary general’s unofficial report on Rwanda being considered] | New York U.N. Mission | May 11, 1994 | | May 11, 1994 | New Zealand | C04446 | Security Council: Rwanda [UNAMIR draft resolution] | New York U.N. Mission | May 11, 1994 | | May 11, 1994 | New Zealand | C23246 | Security Council: Rwanda [Concerns with draft resolution] | Foreign Ministry | May 12, 1994 | | May 11, 1994 | New Zealand | 2597 | Security Council: Rwanda [Presidential draft resolution and UNHCR update] | New York U.N. Mission | May 11, 1994 | | May 11, 1994 | United Nations | 1584 | Informal consultations on the “non-paper” | Kofi Annan | May 11, 1994 | | May 12, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2909 | [Forthcoming resolution to expand UNAMIR’s mandate] | New York U.N. Mission | May 12, 1994 | | May 12, 1994 | New Zealand | C04452 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation in U.N. and on the ground] | New York U.N. Mission | May 12, 1994 | | May 12, 1994 | New Zealand | | Security Council: Rwanda [Instructions] | Foreign Ministry | May 13, 1994 | | May 12, 1994 | New Zealand | C23286 | Security Council: Rwanda [Instructions] | Foreign Ministry | May 13, 1994 | | May 12, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Consultation on the Deployment of the Proposed UN Force in Rwanda | Claude Dusaidi | May 12, 1994 | | May 12, 1994 | United States | 02037 | Rwanda: May 12 Council Informals | Madeleine Albright | May 12, 1994 | | May 13, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2933 | [SC discussed draft of a Rwanda resolution formulating UNAMIR’s mandate] | New York U.N. Mission | May 15, 1994 | | May 13, 1994 | New Zealand | C04457 | Security Council: Rwanda [Vote on resolution delayed] | New York U.N. Mission | May 13, 1994 | | May 13, 1994 | New Zealand | 2614 | Security Council: Rwanda [Text of Secretary General’s report and resolution] | New York U.N. Mission | May 13, 1994 | | May 13, 1994 | New Zealand | | [Press Release] NZ pushes for humanitarian option in Rwanda | Foreign Ministry | May 13, 1994 | | May 13, 1994 | United Nations | 1614 | Security Council Consultations | Kofi Annan | May 13, 1994 | | May 13, 1994 | United States | 02059 | Rwanda: May 13 Security Council Informals | Madeleine Albright | May 14, 1994 | | May 16, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Rwandese Patriotic Front: Statement [Welcomes SCR to establish humanitarian mission in Rwanda] | Claude Dusaidi | May 16, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | Czech Republic | 2950 | [SC adopts Resolution 918 expanding UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | May 17, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C04469 | Security Council: Rwanda [Disappointment with UNSCR 918 and U.S. involvement] | New York U.N. Mission | May 18, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C04480 | CHR: Special Session on Rwanda | New York U.N. Mission | May 19, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | New Zealand | 2619 | Security Council: Rwanda [UNSCR 918] | New York U.N. Mission | May 17, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/918 | Resolution 918 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | May 17, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | United Nations | S/1994/640 | Report of the Secretary-General on the Situation in Rwanda | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | May 31, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | United Nations | 1623 | Security Council Resolution | Kofi Annan | May 17, 1994 | | May 17, 1994 | United States | 02093 | Security Council approves phased UNAMIR expansion | Madeleine Albright | May 18, 1994 | | May 18, 1994 | New Zealand | C04464 | Rwanda: Possible New Zealand Logistics Contribution to UNAMIR | New York U.N. Mission | May 18, 1994 | | May 19, 1994 | United States | 02141 | Rwanda troop contributor meeting and action request | Madeleine Albright | May 19, 1994 | | May 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C04484 | Security Council: Rwanda [Breaking deadlock] | New York U.N. Mission | May 20, 1994 | | May 20, 1994 | United States | 02149 | Rwanda makes demands of Security Council | Madeleine Albright | May 20, 1994 | | May 23, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3046 | [Updates from secretary general representative Ambassador Garekhan] | New York U.N. Mission | May 23, 1994 | | May 23, 1994 | New Zealand | C04489 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | May 23, 1994 | | May 23, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Press Release [Multiple issues] | Claude Dusaidi | May 23, 1994 | | Czech Republic | 3065 | [Secretary General’s special envoy, Iqbal Riza, still in Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | May 24, 1994 | | May 25, 1994 | New Zealand | 2671 | Security Council: Rwanda [Visit of Patrick Mazimhaka] | New York U.N. Mission | May 25, 1994 | | May 27, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3111 | [Riza and Baril have gotten parties to agree to sit down for talks about a ceasefire as troop contributing countries start sending assurances to the secretary general] | New York U.N. Mission | May 27, 1994 | | May 27, 1994 | New Zealand | C04513 | Security Council: Rwanda [Status of military operations and UNAMIR II] | New York U.N. Mission | May 27, 1994 | | May 31, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3140 | [First direct talks between RPF and government of Rwanda occur at UNAMIR HQ in Kigali] | New York U.N. Mission | May 31, 1994 | | May 31, 1994 | New Zealand | C04529 | Security Council: Rwanda [Ceasefire talks and military situation[ | New York U.N. Mission | May 31, 1994 | | June 1, 1994 | New Zealand | C04540 | Security Council: Rwanda [Civilians trapped at Kabgayi] | New York U.N. Mission | June 1, 1994 | | June 2, 1994 | New Zealand | C24150 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance] | Foreign Ministry | June 3, 1994 | | June 2, 1994 | New Zealand | C04550 | Security Council: Rwanda [Secretary general issued further report on Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | June 2, 1994 | | June 3, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | UNSCR 918 | Claude Dusaidi | June 3, 1994 | | June 6, 1994 | New Zealand | 2741 | Security Council: Rwanda [U.S. draft resolution on Rwanda and comments to U.S. Mission] | New York U.N. Mission | June 6, 1994 | | June 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C04569 | Security Council: Rwanda [Secretary general report and resolution with U.S.] | New York U.N. Mission | June 6, 1994 | | June 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C24211 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance on draft resolution] | Foreign Ministry | June 7, 1994 | | June 6, 1994 | New Zealand | 2734 | Security Council: Rwanda [RPF communiqué] | New York U.N. Mission | June 6, 1994 | | June 6, 1994 | United States | 02373 | Council Reactions to Draft Resolution on Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | June 7, 1994 | | June 7, 1994 | New Zealand | 2751 | Security Council: Rwanda [Text of draft resolution] | New York U.N. Mission | June 7, 1994 | | June 7, 1994 | New Zealand | C04580 | Security Council: Rwanda: Possible NZ Contribution to UNAMIR | New York U.N. Mission | June 7, 1994 | | June 7, 1994 | New Zealand | C04577 | Security Council: Rwanda [Continuing work on draft resolution] | New York U.N. Mission | June 7, 1994 | | June 7, 1994 | New Zealand | C04576 | Security Council: Rwanda: Possible NZ Contribution | New York U.N. Mission | June 7, 1994 | | June 7, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | Statement to Members of the Security Council | Claude Dusaidi | June 7, 1994 | | June 7, 1994 | United Nations | 1854 | Security Council Informal Consultations | Kofi Annan | June 7, 1994 | | June 8, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3225 | [UN Security Council adopts Resolution 925 (1994)] | New York U.N. Mission | June 8, 1994 | | June 8, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3504 | Spain officially submits draft resolution to the Council | New York U.N. Mission | June 28, 1994 | | June 8, 1994 | New Zealand | U/N | Security Council: Rwanda [Text of UNSCR 925] | New York U.N. Mission | June 8, 1994 | | June 8, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/925 | Resolution 925 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | June 8, 1994 | | June 10, 1994 | New Zealand | C04600 | Security Council: Rwanda [Spain proposal of commission of experts and informal discussions on trying to get Rwanda off the Council] | New York U.N. Mission | June 10, 1994 | | June 13, 1994 | New Zealand | C24445 | Security Council: Rwanda [Commission of experts] | Foreign Ministry | June 13, 1994 | | June 13, 1994 | New Zealand | 2779 | Security Council: Rwanda [Letter from Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | June 13, 1994 | | June 13, 1994 | New Zealand | C04602 | Security Council: Rwanda [General situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | June 13, 1994 | | June 14, 1994 | New Zealand | C04615 | Security Council: Rwanda [Movement in SC] | New York U.N. Mission | June 14, 1994 | | June 14, 1994 | United States | 02477 | Rwanda - SC Discusses Commission of Experts | Madeleine Albright | June 15, 1994 | | June 15, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3341 | [Discussions regarding the Spanish draft resolution occur on 6/14 and the non-permanent members meet the new special representative of the Secretary General for Rwanda during informals on 6/15] | New York U.N. Mission | June 15, 1994 | | June 15, 1994 | New Zealand | C04621 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | June 15, 1994 | | June 15, 1994 | New Zealand | C01931 | Security Council: Rwanda [France ready to intervene in Rwanda] | Paris Embassy | June 16, 1994 | | June 16, 1994 | New Zealand | C01934 | Security Council: Rwanda [France serious about intervention] | Paris Embassy | June 17, 1994 | | June 16, 1994 | New Zealand | C24667 | Security Council: Rwanda [Possible French mission] | Foreign Ministry | June 17, 1994 | | June 16, 1994 | New Zealand | 2797 | Security Council: Rwanda [Backlash focused at US] | New York U.N. Mission | June 16, 1994 | | June 16, 1994 | New Zealand | C04628 | Security Council: Rwanda [French mission] | New York U.N. Mission | June 16, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3374 | [French Ambassador informs the Council about the possibility of sending French units to Rwanda.] | New York U.N. Mission | June 17, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C01936 | Security Council: Rwanda [French intervention proposal] | Paris Embassy | June 20, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | U52172 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance on French proposal] | Foreign Ministry | June 20, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C04003 | Security Council: Rwanda [WEU meeting on French proposal] | London Embassy | June 20, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C04641 | Security Council: Rwanda [French outline position to Council and reaction] | New York U.N. Mission | June 17, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C04637 | Security Council: Rwanda: UNOMUR | New York U.N. Mission | June 17, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C24728 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance on French proposal] | Foreign Ministry | June 20, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | 2814 | Security Council: Rwanda [Draft resolution circulated by French] | New York U.N. Mission | June 17, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C24739 | Security Council: Rwanda: UNOMUR | Foreign Ministry | June 20, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | New Zealand | C03998 | Security Council: Rwanda [British also concerned with proposed French mission] | London Embassy | June 17, 1994 | | June 17, 1994 | United States | 02513 | France ready to send troops to Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | June 17, 1994 | | June 19, 1994 | New Zealand | 2819 | Security Council: Rwanda [Secretary General and RPF letters] | New York U.N. Mission | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3398 | [French ambassador introduces new, slightly altered draft resolution and the Council discusses it.] | New York U.N. Mission | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C04643 | Security Council: Rwanda: UNOMUR | New York U.N. Mission | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C01519 | Security Council: Rwanda [German views on French proposal] | Bonn Embassy | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C01766 | Security Council: Rwanda [Belgian views of French proposal] | Brussels Embassy | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C01921 | Security Council: Rwanda [Canadian views of French mission and request] | Ottawa Embassy | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C04012 | Security Council: Rwanda, Georgia | London Embassy | June 21, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C04643 | Security Council: Rwanda: UNOMUR | New York U.N. Mission | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | | Security Council: Rwanda [Abstention of vote] | Foreign Ministry | June 22, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C04649 | Security Council: Rwanda [Reservations and lack of sufficient support for French draft] | New York U.N. Mission | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | | Security Council: Rwanda [U.S. non-paper on proposed French intervention] | Washington Embassy | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C00278 | Security Council: Rwanda: Spain | Madrid Embassy | June 21, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C02846 | Security Council: Rwanda [Russia supporting French proposal in principle] | Moscow Embassy | June 21, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C02992 | Security Council: Rwanda: Australia | Canberra Embassy | June 21, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | New Zealand | C03039 | Security Council: Rwanda [U.S. and French initiative] | Washington Embassy | June 21, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/928 | Resolution 928 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | United Nations | 2001 | Resolution on UNOMUR | Kofi Annan | June 21, 1994 | | United Nations | S/1994/728 | Letter Dated 19 June 1994 from the Secretary-General Addressed to the President of the Security Council | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | June 20, 1994 | | June 20, 1994 | United States | 02549 | UN discussions of French initiative for Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | June 20, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3415 | [After consulting with NAM members, France submitted its adapted draft resolution.] | New York U.N. Mission | June 21, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | New Zealand | 2828 | Security Council: Rwanda [Copy of French resolution as adopted and EOV as delivered] | New York U.N. Mission | June 22, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | New Zealand | C01773 | Security Council: Rwanda [Text of WEU Permanent Council decision on Rwanda] | Brussels Embassy | June 22, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | New Zealand | C24779 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance on the French proposal at hand] | Foreign Ministry | June 21, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | New Zealand | C04652 | Security Council: Rwanda [Opinions and discussion on French draft resolution] | New York U.N. Mission | June 21, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | New Zealand | C24774 | Security Council: Rwanda: Genocide Follow-Up | Foreign Ministry | June 21, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | United Nations | | [Security Council Consultations] | Kofi Annan | June 21, 1994 | | June 21, 1994 | United States | 02575 | Latest draft resolution on French initiative for Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | June 22, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | New Zealand | C01942 | Security Council: Rwanda [French press report on intervention] | Paris Embassy | June 22, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | New Zealand | U00603 | Security Council: Rwanda [Spanish press opinion and government support for French intervention] | Madrid Embassy | June 23, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | New Zealand | C01940 | Security Council: Rwanda [France asking for NZ support on draft resolution] | Paris Embassy | June 22, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | New Zealand | 2826 | Security Council: Rwanda [French text as it emerged in blue and latest RPF letter urging UNAMIR withdrawal] | New York U.N. Mission | June 22, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | New Zealand | C04656 | Security Council: Rwanda [Res. 929 passed 15-0-5] | New York U.N. Mission | June 22, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | [Totally opposed to U.N. sponsored French invasion of Rwanda] | Claude Dusaidi | June 22, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/929 | Resolution 929 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | June 22, 1994 | | June 22, 1994 | United States | 02589 | Council barely delivers enough votes to back French move into Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | June 23, 1994 | | June 23, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3444 | [The Secretary General comments to the Council after the adoption of Resolution 929 along with a continued discussion on troop contributing countries to UNAMIR and a commission of experts on Rwanda.] | New York U.N. Mission | June 23, 1994 | | June 23, 1994 | New Zealand | 2847 | Security Council: Rwanda [Latest draft of Spanish resolution on commission of experts in Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | June 24, 1994 | | June 24, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3463 | [French ambassador briefs Council on the intervention force.] | New York U.N. Mission | June 24, 1994 | | June 24, 1994 | New Zealand | C04671 | Security Council: Rwanda [French intervention force, TCC for UNAMIR, Spanish resolution] | New York U.N. Mission | June 24, 1994 | | June 24, 1994 | New Zealand | C24997 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance] | Foreign Ministry | June 27, 1994 | | June 24, 1994 | New Zealand | C25052 | Security Council: Rwanda [Position of Rwandan PR on Council] | Foreign Ministry | June 28, 1994 | | June 25, 1994 | New Zealand | C00934 | Security Council: Rwanda [Italian government willing to send troops] | Rome Embassy | June 25, 1994 | | June 27, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3495 | [Security Council discusses Radio Mille Collines and the negative messages broadcast about the RPF and UNAMIR] | New York U.N. Mission | June 27, 1994 | | June 27, 1994 | New Zealand | C00282 | Security Council: Rwanda [Spanish official comments on Rwanda and asks for NZ views] | Madrid Embassy | June 27, 1994 | | June 27, 1994 | New Zealand | C25024 | Security Council: Rwanda [Spanish resolution guidance] | Foreign Ministry | June 27, 1994 | | June 27, 1994 | New Zealand | C04674 | Security Council: Rwanda [Council meeting] | New York U.N. Mission | June 27, 1994 | | June 27, 1994 | New Zealand | U02437 | Security Council: Rwanda [French and Rwanda] | Paris Embassy | June 30, 1994 | | June 27, 1994 | United Nations | 2076 | Radio Broadcasts | Kofi Annan | June 27, 1994 | | June 28, 1994 | United States | 02667 | Rwanda: UNAMIR Contributors Meeting | Madeleine Albright | June 29, 1994 | | June 29, 1994 | New Zealand | C01960 | Security Council: Rwanda [TCCs for UNAMIR] | Ottawa Embassy | June 30, 1994 | | June 29, 1994 | New Zealand | 2878 | Security Council: Rwanda: Commission of Experts | New York U.N. Mission | June 29, 1994 | | June 29, 1994 | New Zealand | C04695 | Security Council: Rwanda: Commission of Experts | New York U.N. Mission | June 29, 1994 | | June 30, 1994 | United Nations | 2114 | Security Council Informal Consultations | Kofi Annan | June 30, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | Czech Republic | 3536 | Security Council adopted Spanish draft resolution unanimously. | New York U.N. Mission | July 1, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | New Zealand | 2898 | Security Council: Rwanda: Commission of Experts | New York U.N. Mission | July 1, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | New Zealand | 2899 | Security Council: Rwanda [Djibouti discussion paper on Rwanda’s Presidency in September] | New York U.N. Mission | July 1, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | New Zealand | C25308 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance on Rwandan PR] | Foreign Ministry | July 4, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | New Zealand | C04705 | Security Council: Rwanda [Various issues floating around SC] | New York U.N. Mission | July 1, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | Rwandan Patriotic Front | | [Reiterate its total opposition to French intervention in Rwanda] | Claude Dusaidi | July 1, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | United Nations | 2140 | Meeting of the Security Council on Rwanda | Kofi Annan | July 1, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | United Nations | S/1994/879 | Report of the Secretary-General on the Establishment of the Commission of Experts Pursuant to Paragraph 1 of Security Council Resolution 935 (1994) of 1 July 1994 | Boutros Boutros-Ghali | July 26, 1994 | | July 1, 1994 | United Nations | S/RES/935 | Resolution 935 (1994) | U.N. Security Council | July 1, 1994 | | July 2, 1994 | New Zealand | U/N | Security Council: Rwanda [French and humanitarian zone] | New York U.N. Mission | July 3, 1994 | | July 3, 1994 | New Zealand | C25306 | Security Council: Rwanda [Guidance on France’s humanitarian zone proposal] | Foreign Ministry | July 4, 1994 | | July 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C06545 | Security Council: Rwanda [Talking points] | Foreign Ministry | July 6, 1994 | | July 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C25361 | Security Council: Rwanda: French Demarche | Foreign Ministry | July 5, 1994 | | July 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C04710 | Security Council: Rwanda [Informals and French action] | New York U.N. Mission | July 5, 1994 | | July 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C04086 | Security Council: Rwanda [British opinion on humanitarian zone proposal] | London Embassy | July 5, 1994 | | July 5, 1994 | New Zealand | C01970 | Security Council: Rwanda [Humanitarian zone] | Paris Embassy | July 5, 1994 | | July 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C25408 | Security Council: Rwanda: US Demarche | Foreign Ministry | July 6, 1994 | | July 6, 1994 | New Zealand | 2908 | Security Council: Rwanda [Documents] | New York U.N. Mission | July 6, 1994 | | July 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C04713 | Security Council: Rwanda [Continued talk on humanitarian zone] | New York U.N. Mission | July 6, 1994 | | July 6, 1994 | New Zealand | C03131 | Security Council: Rwanda and its Presidency | Washington Embassy | July 7, 1994 | | July 6, 1994 | United States | 02788 | Rwanda: French reassure SC about humanitarian zone | Edward Gnehm | July 6, 1994 | | July 7, 1994 | New Zealand | 2921 | UNAMIR Troop Contributors Meeting | New York U.N. Mission | July 8, 1994 | | July 7, 1994 | United States | 02821 | Rwanda: troop contributors meeting - 7/7/1994 | Edward Gnehm | July 8, 1994 | | July 8, 1994 | New Zealand | C04726 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation update] | New York U.N. Mission | July 8, 1994 | | July 10, 1994 | United States | 02855 | French Prime Minister addresses the SC on Rwanda | Madeleine Albright | July 11, 1994 | | July 11, 1994 | New Zealand | C04730 | Security Council: Rwanda [French Prime Minister addresses SC] | New York U.N. Mission | July 11, 1994 | | July 12, 1994 | New Zealand | C25628 | Security Council: Rwanda [U.S. considering de-recognizing Rwandan interim government and challenging reps credentials at UN] | Foreign Ministry | July 12, 1994 | | July 12, 1994 | New Zealand | C04739 | Security Council: Rwanda [Meeting with Australian Defence Force reconnaissance team visiting en route back to Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | July 12, 1994 | | July 13, 1994 | New Zealand | C01562 | Security Council: Rwanda [German views on French and UNAMIR] | Bonn Embassy | July 13, 1994 | | July 14, 1994 | New Zealand | 2956 | Security Council: Rwanda [Presidential statement on Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | July 14, 1994 | | July 14, 1994 | New Zealand | C04768 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation on the ground in Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | July 14, 1994 | | July 14, 1994 | United Nations | S/PRST/1994/34 | Statement by the President of the Security Council | Ibrahim Gambari | July 14, 1994 | | July 14, 1994 | United Nations | | Security Council Committee Established Pursuant to Resolution 918 (1994) Concerning Rwanda | UN Security Council | July 14, 1994 | | July 14, 1994 | United States | 02918 | Rwanda: Security Council adopts statement July 14 calling for ceasefire | Madeleine Albright | July 15, 1994 | | July 15, 1994 | New Zealand | 2963 | Security Council: Rwanda [RPF letter to U.N. on formation of new government] | New York U.N. Mission | July 15, 1994 | | July 15, 1994 | New Zealand | C04775 | Security Council: Rwanda [France seeking guidance on how to deal with “interim government” in safe zone] | New York U.N. Mission | July 15, 1994 | | July 18, 1994 | New Zealand | 2979 | Security Council: Rwanda [Documents attached] | New York U.N. Mission | July 18, 1994 | | July 18, 1994 | New Zealand | C04791 | Security Council: Rwanda [Situation on the ground] | New York U.N. Mission | July 18, 1994 | | July 18, 1994 | New Zealand | C25834 | Security Council: Rwanda [U.S. requires cessation of of Rwanda’s diplomatic operations in Washington] | Foreign Ministry | July 18, 1994 | | July 18, 1994 | New Zealand | 2991 | Security Council: Rwanda: Representation and Credentials | New York U.N. Mission | July 19, 1994 | | July 18, 1994 | United States | 02952 | Rwanda: 18 Jul 94 Security council meeting | Madeleine Albright | July 19, 1994 | | July 19, 1994 | New Zealand | 2989 | Security Council: Rwanda [Legal guidance and list of new government of Rwanda] | New York U.N. Mission | July 19, 1994 | | July 19, 1994 | New Zealand | C04793 | Security Council: Rwanda [Rwandan delegation no longer participating in SC meetings] | New York U.N. Mission | July 19, 1994 |
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